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Membrane scaling

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All reverse osmosis (RO) feed waters are different in ionic composition. As a result, different types of scale may deposit on the membranes if the correct antiscalant is not used. Selecting the right antiscalant and cleaning chemicals will optimise operating efficiency and help to prevent plant failure.

Below we list some of the most common types of scales that we have identified on RO membranes during autopsy procedures and the appropriate chemicals to use.

Antiscalant: Genesys LF

Application: Calcium Carbonate is the most common scale found in membranes. Appears as an off white powder. Easily cleaned with a strong acid product.

Cleaners: Genesol 37 and 38

Antiscalant: Genesys SI

Application: Silica - can be present on a membrane as colloids, aluminosilicates on the lead membrane elements, or as scale on the final elements. Both forms are difficult to remove, being dependent on pH and temperature.

Cleaners: Genesol 40 or 703, depending on colloidal or silica scale

Antiscalant: Genesys CAS

Calcium sulphate (gypsum) - crystalline structure with very sharp blade-like features, which cut the membrane surface. Common occurrence in areas where there is a natural sulphate content in the underlying geology. This makes it very difficult to clean.

Cleaners: Genesol 50, 34 and 703. Difficult to clean - ask us for advice on cleaning protocol design

Antiscalant: Genesys PHO

Application: Calcium phosphate - appears in many forms. Commonly found in RO membrane systems fed with waste water or agricultural leachate, due to the high phosphate loading.

Cleaners: Genesol 37 and 38

Antiscalant: Genesys MG

Application: Magnesium hydroxide (brucite) - precipitates at high pH, above 9.5, in membrane systems. Can be found in second pass elevated pH brackish water boron rejection plants, where pH levels are increased above 9.5 with sodium hydroxide to aid boron rejection. Relatively rare.

Cleaners: Genesol 37 and 38

Antiscalant: Genesys BS

Application: Barium sulphate (barite) - appears as white crystals, which can take on-blade like formations. Very difficult to clean effectively.

Cleaners: Genesol 50 and 34. Difficult to clean - ask us for advice on cleaning protocol design

Antiscalant: Genesys CAS

Application: Strontium sulphate (celestine) - appears as crystals or as needles, which can damage the membrane surface. Very difficult to remove.

Cleaners: Genesol 50 and 34. Difficult to clean - ask us for advice on cleaning protocol design

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